History Car 1970s

Vauxhall Chevette HS / HSR

Overview

Vauxhall's small rear-wheel-drive Chevette was transformed into a serious Group 4 rally car by Dealer Team Vauxhall and Blydenstein: the Chevette HS used a longitudinal 2.3-litre Vauxhall slant-four engine with a sixteen-valve head, stronger gearbox and a strengthened rear axle. It shared the compact GM T-car production architecture with the Opel Kadett but was not simply a 1.3-litre road hatchback wearing stripes.

The FIA lists Vauxhall Chevette HS 2300 as Group 4 form 649, 2,279 cc, effective 2 November 1976. There was, however, a period dispute about whether the necessary number of identical road cars and correct competition components existed for 1978 FIA eligibility; RallySport's specialist retrospective explains why early works head/gearbox combinations differed from the showroom HS. Consequently, an original homologation date does not mean every 1976 specification was freely eligible at every later international rally.

In 1979 Pentti Airikkala, navigated by Risto Virtanen, won the British Open Rally Championship drivers' title in the HS, including the Circuit of Ireland, Scottish and Ulster events. A third-place outright finish at the 1979 Swedish WRC rally was an international podium but not a WRC event victory. The HSR evolution, with much more composite bodywork and altered rear suspension, was homologated in April 1980. This later car did not win Airikkala's 1979 title, despite some secondary summaries combining HS and HSR under one badge.

Technical Specs & Innovations

  • Model: Vauxhall Chevette HS 2300 Group 4 rear-wheel-drive homologation special
  • Competition organisation: Dealer Team Vauxhall, developed with rally engineering specialist Bill Blydenstein
  • FIA Group 4 form: 649, effective 2 November 1976
  • FIA displacement: 2,279 cc naturally aspirated inline-four
  • Engine position: Front longitudinally mounted Vauxhall slant-four
  • Valvetrain: Twin overhead camshafts and 16 valves in HS rally/performance specification
  • HS road engine power: Approximately 135 bhp, not the 1979 works engine tune
  • 1979 works engine power reference: Specialist historical HS reference approximately 240 bhp; varies by equipment and period
  • Works carburetion: Twin 48 mm Dellorto twin-choke carburettors in representative Group 4 preparation
  • No forced induction: Naturally aspirated 2.3-litre engine, unlike later forced-induction WRC cars
  • Road gearbox: Getrag five-speed HS road trim
  • Works gearbox: ZF five-speed close-ratio Group 4 transmission in one period works specification
  • Head/gearbox dispute: 1978 production versus works 16-valve cylinder head/gearbox parts caused FIA eligibility controversy
  • Homologation road series: Approximately 400 HS specials eventually prepared, not evidence all were on sale in November 1976
  • Driven axle: Rear-wheel drive through toughened competition live axle
  • Rear differential: Limited-slip rear competition differential and alternative final drives
  • Front suspension: Double wishbones, coil springs, rally dampers and front anti-roll bar
  • Rear suspension HS: Coil-sprung rear live axle with trailing links and Panhard rod in developed competition form
  • Brakes: Competition front/rear upgraded brakes and handbrake gear matched to FIA extensions
  • 1977 FIA options: Brake, final-drive and dry-sump options in June/July 1977 amendments
  • 1978 FIA updates: Clutch/engine and October suspension, brake, handbrake and fuel-system evolution options
  • Safety equipment: FIA roll cage, harnesses, tank protection and rally instruments
  • Body: Small three-door Chevette hatchback with aero and wheel changes distinct from ordinary 1.3 road car
  • HS reference weight: Specialist works HS around 1,000 kg, not every road and future HSR car
  • 1979 British crew: Pentti Airikkala / Risto Virtanen
  • 1979 Swedish WRC classification: Airikkala/Virtanen third outright, behind Saab 99 and Ford Escort
  • 1979 Ulster result: Airikkala first, teammate Jimmy McRae second, both Chevette HS
  • 1980 HSR homologation: FIA 649 10/4E April 1980 bodywork/suspension/clutch/gearbox modifications
  • HSR later body: Fibreglass body panels, flared arches, revised rear-link hardware; not a generic 1979 HS
  • World title distinction: 1979 British drivers' championship is not the 1979 WRC world drivers' title

🏆 Competitive Highlights

  • 1975 standard Chevette: Vauxhall launches rear-wheel-drive small hatchback unrelated in road engine output to later HS.
  • 1976 DTV HS programme: Blydenstein-led rally development builds 2.3-litre, 16-valve special.
  • 2 November 1976 homologation: FIA Group 4 649 becomes effective at 2,279 cc.
  • 1977 Galway International: Chris Sclater/Martin Holmes second in HS in non-WRC event.
  • 1977 Ulster Rally: Pentti Airikkala third in Chevette HS, documented by event organizers.
  • 1978 Mintex Rally: Airikkala/Mike Nicholson win in HS, British Open season opener.
  • 1978 homologation dispute: Questions over road build volume, head and gearbox components interrupt international eligibility.
  • 1979 Swedish WRC Rally: Airikkala/Risto Virtanen take third overall in Chevette HS, not first.
  • 1979 Circuit of Ireland: Airikkala/Virtanen win by nearly eleven minutes despite axle trouble and co-driver injury.
  • 1979 Scottish Rally: Airikkala/Virtanen win in HS, contributing British championship points.
  • 1979 Ulster Rally: Airikkala wins; Jimmy McRae is second in another Chevette HS, according to organizer.
  • 1979 British Open Rally drivers title: Airikkala, with Virtanen, becomes British champion in HS, not HSR.
  • 1979 RAC WRC Rally: Jimmy McRae finishes twelfth in a Chevette 2300 Group 4.
  • April 1980 HSR entry: Distinct bodywork and suspension evolution adopted into HS form 649's FIA options.
  • 1981 later championship boundary: Future HSR successes belong to the 1980s, not the 1979 title campaign.

Driving Characteristics

The Chevette HS paired strong naturally aspirated throttle response with a short rear-drive hatchback chassis. Accurate countersteering and a limited-slip axle aided rotation through forest bends but required measured use of the high-revving engine when traction was low.

Dealer Team Vauxhall's suspension and ZF competition gearbox differed sharply from the ordinary 1.3-litre Chevette and from road 135-bhp HS equipment. Road-car specifications should not be used to reconstruct Airikkala's 1979 rally car without noting those modifications and eligibility questions.

The HSR's composite panels, changed rear-suspension links and other evolved hardware altered weight and stability; it would misrepresent the 1979 championship to describe that season as an HSR 1980 build.

Development & legacy

The Chevette HS gave Vauxhall a credible national Group 4 championship and an international WRC podium while remaining distinct from world title-winning cars. The HSR's 1980 evolution deserves its own later-year attribution, not a retroactive 1979 specification.

Research sources & verification

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